With the continuous development of our society and economy in recent years, there is a higher and higher demand for electric power. In order to meet the growing energy demand, our eyes strategically shifted to the light energy resources. Photovoltaic power station is a research achievement in light energy resources, it alleviates the energy shortage in our country to a certain extent, but because of its short development time, there are still some shortcomings in many aspects. These problems are particularly prominent in the maintenance of facilities, related facilities lack due systematic and scientific, at the same time, the existing maintenance efficiency can not meet the needs, and then this study.
I. Research on the actual working principle of the electrical equipment of large-scale photovoltaic power station
Photovoltaic power generation is a process that converts real solar energy into electricity through the photovoltaic effect generated by the semiconductor interface. In the overall system of photovoltaic power generation, the inverter and solar panels play an important role, and then the staff through the controller to control the whole system. Its working principle is: in the daytime when the light is sufficient, there will be some electromotive force of the solar cell module, with the help of the series and parallel modules to form a solar cell array, so that the array voltage can meet the required standard. Then a charge and discharge controller is used to charge the battery and store the converted energy. When there is no light at night, the battery begins to power on the inverter, with the nature of the inverter, the direct current into alternating current, and then sent to the distribution cabinet, and then rely on the nature of the distribution cabinet to power its. The controller controls the discharge status of the battery to ensure the smooth operation of the battery. At the same time, the PV power station system needs to have a load limit protection and lightning protection facilities to protect the system from lightning strikes due to the operation of the load to ensure the normal application of the system.
Ii. Practical significance of electrical equipment maintenance of large photovoltaic power stations
Large photovoltaic power station has played a supportive role for the social development of our country. Once the efficiency of photovoltaic power station is unstable, it is likely to cause adverse effect on the development of other industries. Moreover, the photovoltaic power station will not only meet the needs of the social development, but also produce enough economic benefits, which will make the photovoltaic power station have a very broad market prospects. However, due to the special nature of photovoltaic power station itself, it has higher requirements for electrical equipment, which is easy to have problems in the long-term high-efficiency working state. This will have a certain impact on the production of photovoltaic power stations. Therefore, managers attach great importance to the operation and maintenance overhaul system of electrical equipment. It can be seen that whether the operation and maintenance overhaul system is scientific is crucial.
Iii. Analysis of existing problems in the operation of electrical equipment
Through the analysis of the operation process of the electrical equipment of large photovoltaic power station, and the in-depth analysis of the internal factors that may cause problems, it is not difficult to find that, although in recent years, the relevant departments of our country to support the development of large photovoltaic power station, and carried out resource tilt and policy help, which leads to the stable development and improvement of large photovoltaic power station. And a variety of science and technology also played a certain role in support, but because of the rapid development of many hidden problems have not been solved.
(1) With the development in recent years, the equipment of large photovoltaic power stations has been updated frequently, and many new equipment has been put into use, forming a perfect working system and improving the efficiency of large photovoltaic power stations. However, with the upgrading of equipment, the problem of fault detection has been gradually exposed. Failure detection is not in place is one of the main problems in the operation and maintenance management of photovoltaic power station equipment, because the increasingly complex modern electrical equipment makes the whole work system very complicated, and covers a very wide range, these characteristics further lead to a sharp rise in the workload of photovoltaic power station maintenance and detection system. In order to ensure the stability of the overall operation, it is necessary to carry out diversified detection according to the differences of electrical equipment and apply different detection methods to ensure the comprehensive and scientific detection results. For the operation of electrical equipment, accurately find out the position of the fault equipment and the causes of the fault, and carry out targeted overhaul, can greatly improve the efficiency and quality of operation maintenance overhaul, but as far as our country is concerned with the current overhaul system, the detection method is very single, when the fault occurs, can not be very accurate detection.
(2) Insufficient fault analysis Fault analysis refers to the first time when the fault occurs, can be analyzed according to the equipment and equipment daily work situation, directly determine the causes of the fault and solutions, but the quality of this work is not satisfactory, because in terms of our current photovoltaic power plant electrical equipment system, the overall structure is very complex, The causes of failure are diverse. And electrical equipment in different working environment, daily working pressure is different, the cause of failure is not the same, these lead to equipment failure causes are more complex, so in order to be able to find out the cause of the fault faster, and put forward the relevant solution policy, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the fault, in-depth analysis from a variety of levels, grasp every detail, In the actual work process, most of the fault factors are not clear, it is easy to cause large-scale waste of resources, resulting in very low work efficiency.
(3) Professional operation maintenance overhaul personnel own professional level is not high, most of the overhaul personnel is still the early staff into the later service personnel, there is no certain on-site maintenance experience, and there are many loopholes in the theoretical knowledge reserve. In addition, the photovoltaic power station industry is an emerging industry in recent years. Due to the lack of a complete and scientific overhaul operation and maintenance system, the work efficiency of overhaul personnel cannot be fully played, and the overall situation is in a chaotic situation without unified coordination. In addition, the staff has not been through the perfect practical operation training, even with a perfect theoretical knowledge reserve, also can not give full play to their own talent in the daily work process, so to go through a lot of practical operation training can be targeted to improve the technical level of technical personnel, on the other hand, the staff’s flexibility and flexibility is relatively poor, Only the existing maintenance technology can be copied and repaired, and more convenient maintenance technology cannot be adopted for comprehensive analysis of working environment and working pressure.
Iv. Maintenance, overhaul and reform measures
(1) Improve ledger management In daily work to do a good job of ledger management, whether it is the type of equipment failure, defect type and maintenance method, maintenance date and treatment plan, etc., should do a good job of timely file management, so as to provide information support for later maintenance, but also to improve the scientific level of maintenance plan.
(2) Although the tracking system will increase the difficulty of maintenance and detection to a certain extent, the detection personnel should take into account the safety of the equipment and the frequency of failures, and make appropriate preparations when setting the tracking equipment, such as determining whether the lubrication of the link position is in place, whether the bolts are fixed and so on.
(3) Inverter maintenance Inverter is the main electrical equipment of photovoltaic power station, the most common fault problem is the damage of internal components, but the distribution and transportation of components is relatively slow, it is easy to lead to the dissatisfaction of power station owners, so when choosing the inverter, according to the market development and inverter performance provided by the manufacturer to carry out a comprehensive analysis, Ensure the quality of the supplier’s follow-up service. In addition, consider the daily work level of the photovoltaic power station, and connect the inverter in a series way to facilitate the later maintenance. When maintaining, we should consider the indoor temperature of operation to ensure the stability of its operation, especially the heat dissipation and exhaust system, which is also the main area leading to the occurrence of faults. Regular power failure is required to check whether the copper bar of the terminal of the output line is yellow or black. And at the time of maintenance detection, listen to whether there is noise in the internal work and whether the vibration is within the standard range, regularly clean the internal ash, to avoid excessive dust and internal operation temperature is too high.
(4) Strengthen inspection and inspection first of all, comprehensive data statistics should be carried out before the reform of the operation and maintenance system of the electrical equipment of large photovoltaic power stations. First of all, we should conduct a comprehensive survey of all kinds of equipment used in the electrical equipment system, especially the information of the equipment purchase and the process parameters of the equipment, to ensure that the basic information reserve is comprehensive. Only in this way can we ensure that we can have perfect information support in the follow-up maintenance. On the other hand, we should carry out statistics for the daily operation of the equipment, especially the prediction of the future service life according to the working state, which is also an important part of the inspection work.
(5) Strengthen inspection of other equipment In addition to building a scientific and reasonable inspection mode, regular inspection and random inspection can be adopted to ensure the working quality of equipment. Electrical equipment, panel components are an important part of the entire electrical system, but also the operation and maintenance work system focus, so in the process of maintenance should be clear focus on the inspection work as a routine work, on the other hand, in the inspection and maintenance to do a good job of battery pack plate inspection, according to the relevant national departments issued standards and principles, Focus on checking whether the connection is correct, whether the connection process is standard, to avoid the problem of unstable connection, resulting in the battery motherboard parts of the performance can not be fully played out, and finally to clean up in time according to the state of the battery motherboard parts, to avoid the accumulation of a large number of dust or stains, the quality of their own damage. In addition, in the process of inspection should check the connection of all links of electrical equipment, daily work is easy to cause vibration, resulting in the loosening of the connection parts, generally every 6 months for a cycle, the connection parts for regular inspection, to ensure normal connection.
V. Conclusion
In conclusion, along with the rapid development of the social economy in our country, the importance of electricity has gradually become prominent, in order to ensure the stable development of the power industry, photovoltaic power station has become a mainstream trend of development. Therefore, we must start from various aspects such as power transformation equipment tracking system, check and maintenance system to ensure the stability of electric equipment operation of photovoltaic power station and ensure its stable power supply. To meet the social and People’s Daily demand for electricity, in order to maintain the stable development of social economy.
