In the face of growing pressure and increasing consumption and pollution problems, countries are beginning to demand energy and environmental protection. In this new environment, efficient renewable energy technologies have become very important in recent years. Among them, the connectivity of the production photovoltaic distribution network is the key technology for the use of photovoltaic. Effective research on power generation technologies is key not only to driving progress in the entire power generation industry, but also to mitigating risks. It is also an understanding of environmental issues and the parallel development of man and nature. Over the years, the development of China’s power companies has entered a new stage, and the distribution of renewable energy is the top priority to maintain the sustainable development of energy companies. By critically analyzing and evaluating grid-connected photovoltaic technology, this paper can improve and improve the production of photovoltaic power generation in buildings.
Due to the continuous development of human society and the rapid growth of population, energy shortage and pollution have become one of the biggest problems facing all mankind in the world today. Reach consensus in all countries. Among various new energy sources, solar photovoltaic production has become an indispensable part of the global energy sector due to its renewable, clean and environmentally friendly characteristics. Grid-connected power generation is the main mode of power generation, also because of its low cost and low power consumption. The benefits of large size and flexible use have attracted many researchers to conduct research and produce direct research results. However, with the in-depth research, more complex environmental problems and the increase in electricity demand, new problems are slowly emerging, and the distribution technology of grid power supply is facing more complex challenges.
1 The significance of photovoltaic grid power generation
The use of solar photovoltaic technology is of great significance for environmental protection, the construction and use of green and renewable energy sources, and social and economic development. Nowadays, with the increase of resources and energy, China’s status as a resource-intensive major country is much worse than that of developed countries. Statistically speaking, although due to the large population, the source of all Chinese people ranks first in the world [1]. Basically, the per capita share of resources is well below the global average. In addition, there is a big difference in the power consumption structure between China and developed countries, and there are widespread problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency among enterprises, and the energy consumption structure needs to be solved urgently. As one of the most important construction projects in China at this stage, solar photovoltaic technology has been used in the photovoltaic industry for decades. A large number of practical studies have proved that the power distribution related to photovoltaic grid technology can not only effectively solve the problem of power shortage, but also effectively reduce pollution: on the one hand, developed countries can better meet the growing demand for energy. The growing demand for electricity has contributed to the rapid and sustainable development of China’s economy.
2 Overview and development status of photovoltaic power generation
2.1 Overview of photovoltaic power generation
Today, photovoltaic power generation systems mainly include off-grid power generation systems and grid-connected power generation systems. The photovoltaic independent power generation system is the first of its kind for power generation. The working principle is as follows: First, the photovoltaic module can convert solar energy directly into DC energy through the action of photovoltaic in the sunlight. Second, direct current is supplied to the inverter through the image assembly unit. The inverter then connects it. The collected direct current goes through a series of conversions to convert the electrical energy into alternating current, which eventually sees grid-connected generation at the same frequency as the power grid. The photovoltaic distribution system used for grid-connected mainly consists of three parts: the photovoltaic module, the distribution grid and the grid-connected inverter. The working principle is as follows: First, the photovoltaic module can convert solar energy directly into direct current through the photovoltaic action in the sunlight. Second, the DC power supply is connected to the inverter via an image integration unit. Then there is the inverter, which converts the collected DC into a DC sequence, which converts it into AC, and finally, gets the grid-connected power output at the same frequency and phase as the grid voltage.
2.2 Development history and current situation
Although China has very rich solar energy resources, solar energy utilization and research and development in the field of photovoltaic production in China have become the development history of China and the status quo of grid-connected photovoltaic systems. In the late 1950s, China began to slowly research and manufacture photovoltaic cells. However, the development trend of the photovoltaic sector still depends on the production and export of composite materials. In the early 2000s, the Chinese government regularly developed policies and programs, such as “Multiple ideas for Promoting the Healthy development of the photography Industry in the Brilliant Sunshine Demonstration Project” [2]. It officially entered a new era. Today, China has developed into one of the fastest growing photovoltaic energy producers in the world, and has taken a leading position in the global photovoltaic industry. According to statistics, with the installation of photovoltaic power generation in China, the installed capacity has increased greatly since 2008. Since 2008, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power stations in China has increased significantly. By the end of 2012, China’s total installed capacity of photovoltaic power stations was about 8GW, accounting for 15 percent of the world’s total.
2.3 Constraints
Photovoltaic power distribution has the advantages of simplicity, flexibility, wide application range and easy maintenance, but it also limits some functions. (1) Distributed photovoltaic products are located in dispersed areas. When connected to a large network, it is difficult to manage and control the distribution network, which will affect the safe and stable operation of the system. (2) Distributed photovoltaic power generation is strongly affected by external weather conditions. The solar energy produced by photovoltaic panels is also changing due to climate change and the rising sun. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation also changes with the climate and seasons. (3) grid-connected power supply system consists of grid-connected inverters. During the operation of the power grid, the output of the inverter will change with the load, resulting in the generation of harmonics and the pollution of the power grid.
