Abstract: In the process of modern economic development, the solar photovoltaic power generation is constantly improving and promoting the steady growth of our national economy. But from the actual situation of our current solar power generation work, there are still many problems, including immature technology and excess capacity. These problems need to be further solved, which is of great significance to improve the efficiency and practical utility of solar photovoltaic power generation.
1. Introduction
In today’s social development process, new energy technologies are emerging and making important contributions to the optimization of social energy structure, among which solar photovoltaic power generation is one of the most important technologies, accounting for a large proportion in the process of social and economic development. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to control the problems existing in solar photovoltaic power generation. Relying on the current modern science and technology, strengthening the management and control of all aspects of solar photovoltaic power generation can not only make the photovoltaic power generation process more stable, but also give full play to the role of the power generation system. It plays a vital role in the healthy development of our energy and electric power industry.
2. Problems of solar photovoltaic power generation
2.1 Polycrystalline silicon manufacturing technology is not mature enough
For our country, although it has become one of the largest photovoltaic industry bases in the world, the overall development level of photovoltaic industry is still at a low level. In the process of solar power generation, the polysilicon technology most needed is mastered by foreign countries, which are relatively mature in the research and development and innovation of the technology. Therefore, in the process of solar photovoltaic power generation, the quality of polysilicon is relatively high, the energy consumption will be less, and it will not cause damage to the environment. As the production of solar power generation equipment continues to surge, the demand for polysilicon, the main raw material of solar power generation equipment, continues to increase. However, because our technology is not very mature and the threshold is relatively high, the output of polysilicon cannot be improved, which not only leads to the consumption of a large amount of energy in the current polysilicon manufacturing process. At the same time, it also causes a certain degree of environmental pollution.
2.2 Overcapacity
For the photovoltaic industry of our country, in the long-term development process, it has experienced a process from huge market demand to the entire industry concentrated effect, and has transited to the stage of oversupply or even excess production capacity. Within the scope of our country, many areas have carried out the construction of new energy, thermal light spoke, thermal power generation infrastructure, many photovoltaic power generation projects have been gradually put into production and continuous operation, in the actual development process, the phenomenon of excess capacity of photovoltaic power generation projects, with the increase of the number of photovoltaic construction projects becomes more and more serious. With the emergence of this phenomenon, the Chinese government has taken control of the related problems. In order to ensure the healthy and orderly development of the photovoltaic industry, relevant policy adjustment and economic means control have played a certain effect, but still have not been able to achieve fundamental change.
2.3 The purity of polysilicon is low
For solar photovoltaic power generation, polysilicon is one of the most important raw materials required by many equipment. Therefore, the quality and cost effect of polysilicon products ultimately determine whether solar photovoltaic power generation products can achieve sustainable development and healthy survival among many competitive products at present. For our solar photovoltaic power generation work, because of the lack of core technology, now the polysilicon in the process of preparation is insufficient purity, can not realize the comprehensive improvement of the solar photovoltaic power generation level, which leads to the current product quality at a low level, lose the international competitiveness.
3. Solutions to solar photovoltaic power generation problems
3.1 Strengthen the innovation of scientific and technological means
In the process of optimizing solar photovoltaic power generation, it is necessary to increase the investment of capital and technology to comprehensively improve the independent innovation ability of the entire photovoltaic power generation industry, and rely on core technologies to comprehensively improve the current product production and use, so as to improve the development level of the entire photovoltaic power generation industry. Through comprehensive research and application of current technical means, the corresponding input cost in the process of photovoltaic power generation can be reduced, and the pollution caused by photovoltaic power generation will be greatly reduced, and will not cause serious impact on the surrounding environment. In the northwest of China, such as Dunhuang and Jiuquan in Gansu province, large-scale solar photovoltaic power generation bases have been built, and the location of power generation bases has been determined by scientific and technological means, which will not reduce the cultivated land area, but also comprehensively solve the problem of salt alkali wasteland in the northwest. Therefore, for the development of the field of solar photovoltaic power generation, the application of science and technology and the improvement of independent innovation ability are one of the most important ways to improve the application effect, significance and value of solar photovoltaic power generation.
3.2 Improve the efficiency of solar photovoltaic power conversion
For solar photovoltaic power generation, in the process of reflecting the power generation function, it will be affected by the intensity of light and external environment and other related factors, which will lead to the related energy output power of photovoltaic power generation will be in a large state of fluctuation. According to the data survey, the voltage and current of solar energy itself are nonlinear, so the change of output power is closely related to the sunshine and environmental temperature changes. Because of this, in the process of solar photovoltaic power generation, it is necessary to automatically adjust the output power according to the electric energy, so as to ensure that the electric energy can be comprehensively combined with the load, so as to achieve the maximum efficiency of power conversion. In the process of actual improvement, it is necessary to find and determine the maximum power point, and then carry out the optimization comparison, so as to ensure that the voltage can be determined scientifically and reasonably, so as to maximize the application of energy efficiency. Based on the current situation, in the process of solving this problem, the proposed methods include line pressure tracking method and climbing improvement method, and so on.
3.3 Troubleshooting the Battery Discharge Problem
For solar photovoltaic power generation, the need to produce energy in storage battery, and if the battery itself has a serious discharge problem, then the production of electric energy will be greatly wasted, so for discharge problems, can increase the discharge self-locking device on the basis of the traditional circuit, The battery can carry out small current discharge and deep discharge to the load, so as to better achieve the purpose of protecting the battery. Self-locking circuit is the operation amplifier circuit voltage depth positive feedback characteristics as the main basis, and then the voltage signal reaches a certain limit to determine the value, when it reaches a certain limit, the output point will be locked processing, and push discharge switch off, and when the battery is fully charged, the equipment for the corresponding feedback, and then change the output potential, Push the whole discharge switch to open state to ensure that the power supply demand is met.
3.4 Comprehensively strengthen operation maintenance and management
For the development of the solar photovoltaic power generation industry, in the actual construction process, the construction work is the main work content to ensure that the project can be completed and also the most important work content, but in the actual operation process of the whole project operation maintenance and management is the most important factor to ensure the stability of the whole project. Therefore, the operation and maintenance management needs to be comprehensively strengthened, so as to ensure the long-term operation of the entire solar photovoltaic power generation system. In order to comprehensively improve the operation, maintenance and management level of solar photovoltaic power generation projects, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current operation and maintenance work, and innovate the working team, working method and working concept based on the modern operation and maintenance management requirements, so as to cultivate a high-quality and high-level operation and management staff team. So that all work can be done based on the relevant standards. At the same time, in the process of the construction of photovoltaic power generation projects, operation and maintenance should also be included in the main work content of the construction project in the service content of the project construction.
3.5 Promote the development of polysilicon industry
For the Chinese government and related enterprises, when promoting the development of the whole solar photovoltaic power generation industry, the government and enterprises should take the lead and coordinate to fully support the polysilicon related industry in the process of solar photovoltaic power generation and formulate relevant policies, so that the polysilicon industry can form an industrial alliance and improve the entry threshold of the whole polysilicon industry. As for polysilicon, its technical requirements are relatively high, so the improvement of the entry threshold can ensure that in the process of manufacturing and production of the whole industry, the relevant technical level meets the actual standards, and constantly promote the development of the whole industry, promoting the Chinese polysilicon industry to a new level. In case of need, the state can take the lead in building an ultra-large enterprise, and then the state will take the lead in providing funds and corresponding technical support in the enterprise, and then open the relevant technologies and ideas developed by the enterprise to other relevant enterprises participating in the construction of ultra-large enterprises, so as to ensure that the technical level of each enterprise can be comprehensively improved. And there is no waste of resources.
4. Conclusion
To sum up, for the solar photovoltaic power generation industry, in the process of actual construction, relevant government departments should build a better platform and provide more favorable policies. At the same time, enterprises should solve their own problems by referring to the characteristics of the development of the whole industry. Only in this way can we better achieve the goal of promoting the development of the entire industry and promote the overall level of solar photovoltaic power generation.
